offset). This ensures the machine can recognize when a gesture starts, peaks in intensity, and ends. 5. Fuse Multi-modal Data

For specific gestures like head nods or shakes, the is considered the distinguishing feature. This "angle feature" represents the trajectory of the head's movement in 2D space. 4. Normalize and Segment Movement is segmented into temporal phases (e.g., neutral →right arrow →right arrow →right arrow

To capture movement over time, is calculated between two consecutive frames. This process determines the magnitude and direction of pixel movement within the detected facial region. 3. Extract the Angle Feature

The generated feature is a (such as a 2D head motion angle) that allows a system to classify human affective states or non-verbal behaviors. Project suggestions from Prof Hatice Gunes