In ethical philosophy, temperance is seen as the rational control of these appetites, necessary for a "harmoniousness of soul". Intemperance, therefore, is the disruption of this harmony, where sensual pleasures are no longer subordinate to reason. Historical and Medical Perspectives

Explore the between modern "addiction" and classical "intemperance."

Focus specifically on the in the 19th century.

: These efforts were often fueled by religious fervor, such as the Second Great Awakening, which utilized pamphlets and propaganda to highlight the negative effects of alcohol on health and family life.

: Compulsive actions like a "terrible shopping habit" or intemperate labor.

: Societies implemented laws to suppress intemperance, including penalties for those who allowed excessive drinking or gaming in their establishments. Intemperance in Literature