Equipping students with the skills needed for final exams (e.g., OGE/OGE in Russia), including working with maps, illustrations, and critical writing. 4. Methodological Approaches

Understanding how the events of the late 19th century (e.g., industrial modernization) created the issues of the 20th century.

The rise of liberal, conservative, and socialist ideologies; labor movements and the struggle for rights.

Working directly with historical documents (letters, treaties, newspaper articles from the era). Conclusion

The colonization of Africa and Asia, the buildup to World War I, and its global impact.