: The temporary wartime coalition between the US, Great Britain, and the USSR against the Axis powers.
: The retreat of European empires led to the birth of dozens of independent states in Asia and Africa, many joining the Non-Aligned Movement.
: Formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in 1949 and the Warsaw Pact in 1955.
: High-tension events like the Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) gave way to periods of "Détente" (relaxation of tensions) in the 1970s.
: The Treaty of Versailles and other treaties dismantled empires (Austro-Hungarian, Ottoman) and imposed harsh reparations on Germany.
A bipolar world order dominated by the ideological, economic, and military rivalry between the US and the USSR.
: Established with a Security Council to succeed the League of Nations, aiming for more effective global governance. ❄️ Phase 3: The Cold War (1947–1991)
