The Merchant Republics: Amsterdam, Antwerp, And... -

: While it fell under the political constellation of the Spanish (and later Austrian) Netherlands, it remained a vital economic engine for the Southern Low Countries.

: A bustling, noisy hub where spices, silk, and porcelain flowed through the famous canal belt. The Merchant Republics: Amsterdam, Antwerp, and...

: Experience this history firsthand with the Power and Politics Audio Tour which visits the original VOC headquarters. 2. Antwerp: The Resilient Giant : While it fell under the political constellation

Following the Dutch Revolt, Amsterdam emerged as the world’s "global switching station". noisy hub where spices